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Industrial ammonium chloride
Ammonium chloride is a white crystalline salt with a salty, slightly acidic taste. It is highly soluble in water and is widely used in various industrial, agricultural, and pharmaceutical applications. It acts as a nitrogen source in fertilizers, a flux in metalworking, and an expectorant in medicine. Its versatility and relatively low toxicity make it an important compound in multiple sectors
Description
1. Basic Identification Attributes
Chemical Name (IUPAC): Ammonium chloride
Common/Trade Names: Ammonium chloride, sal ammoniac
CAS Number: 12125-02-9
HS Code: 2811.10.00
Molecular Formula: NH4Cl
Synonyms: Sal ammoniac, ammonium muriate, ammonium monochloride
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical State: White crystalline powder or granules
Color & Odor: White, odorless
Melting Point: 338°C (sublimes without melting)
Boiling Point: Sublimes at ~520°C
Density: ~1.53 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~37.2 g/100 mL at 20°C)
pH Level: Slightly acidic (~5.5 aqueous solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Flash Point: Non-flammable
Stability: Stable under normal conditions, decomposes at high temperatures
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous, but can be irritant
NFPA Ratings: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL – 10 mg/m³ (respirable dust)
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, strong oxidizers
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from incompatible materials
Container Type: Plastic or metal containers with tight seals
Shelf Life: 3–5 years under proper storage
Special Handling: Avoid dust formation and inhalation; handle in well-ventilated areas
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